433 lines
16 KiB
Python
433 lines
16 KiB
Python
"""
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存储上海证券交易股票列表数据
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不确定其数据爬取规则，防止 IP 被封
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暂时使用该方案，获取股票列表数据
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—— 下载excel,收到导入到数据库
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"""
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import pandas as pd
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import os
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import sys
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import csv
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import chardet # 用于检测文件编码
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from pathlib import Path
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from datetime import datetime
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from MySQLHelper import MySQLHelper
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from LogHelper import LogHelper
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logger = LogHelper(logger_name = 'SH_Import').setup()
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class StockDataImporter:
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"""股票数据导入工具（支持CSV）"""
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COLUMN_MAPPING = {
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'A股代码': 'a_stock_code',
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'B股代码': 'b_stock_code',
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'证券简称': 'short_name',
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'扩位证券简称': 'extended_name',
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'公司英文全称': 'eng_name',
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'上市日期': 'listing_date'
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}
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def __init__(self, data_dir: Path, db_config: dict):
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self.data_dir = data_dir
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self.db_config = db_config
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self.df = None
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self.csv_file = None
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self.encoding = 'utf-8' # 默认编码
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self.delimiter = ',' # 默认分隔符
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def find_csv_file(self) -> Path:
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"""在data文件夹中查找CSV文件"""
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# 查找所有CSV文件
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csv_files = list(self.data_dir.glob("GPLIST.csv"))
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if not csv_files:
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logger.error(f"在 {self.data_dir} 中没有找到CSV文件")
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return None
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# 如果有多个文件，选择最新的
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if len(csv_files) > 1:
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csv_files.sort(key=os.path.getmtime, reverse=True)
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logger.info(f"找到多个CSV文件，选择最新的: {csv_files[0].name}")
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return csv_files[0]
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def validate_file(self, file_path: Path) -> bool:
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"""验证CSV文件是否有效"""
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try:
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if not file_path.exists():
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logger.error(f"CSV文件不存在: {file_path}")
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return False
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file_size = file_path.stat().st_size
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if file_size == 0:
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logger.error(f"CSV文件为空: {file_path}")
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return False
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"文件验证失败: {e}")
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return False
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def detect_file_encoding(self, file_path: Path) -> str:
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"""检测文件编码"""
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try:
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# 读取文件开头部分进行编码检测
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with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
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raw_data = f.read(10000) # 读取前10KB
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# 使用chardet检测编码
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result = chardet.detect(raw_data)
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encoding = result['encoding']
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confidence = result['confidence']
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# 常见编码替代
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encoding_map = {
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'GB2312': 'GBK',
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'gb2312': 'GBK',
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'ISO-8859-1': 'latin1',
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'ascii': 'utf-8'
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}
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# 应用映射
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encoding = encoding_map.get(encoding, encoding)
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logger.info(f"检测到编码: {encoding} (置信度: {confidence:.2f})")
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return encoding or 'utf-8'
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"编码检测失败: {e}, 使用默认UTF-8")
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return 'utf-8'
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def detect_csv_delimiter(self, file_path: Path) -> str:
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"""自动检测CSV分隔符"""
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try:
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# 使用检测到的编码打开文件
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with open(file_path, 'r', encoding=self.encoding) as f:
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# 读取前5行
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lines = [f.readline() for _ in range(5) if f.readline()]
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# 尝试常见分隔符
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delimiters = [',', '\t', ';', '|']
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delimiter_counts = {}
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for delim in delimiters:
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count = 0
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for line in lines:
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count += line.count(delim)
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delimiter_counts[delim] = count
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# 选择出现次数最多的分隔符
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best_delim = max(delimiter_counts, key=delimiter_counts.get)
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# 如果没有任何分隔符，则使用逗号
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if delimiter_counts[best_delim] == 0:
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logger.warning(f"无法检测到有效的分隔符，使用默认逗号分隔符")
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return ','
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logger.info(f"检测到分隔符: {repr(best_delim)}")
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return best_delim
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"检测分隔符失败: {e}, 使用默认逗号分隔符")
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return ','
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def read_csv_data(self, file_path: Path) -> bool:
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"""从CSV文件读取数据"""
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try:
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# 1. 检测文件编码
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self.encoding = self.detect_file_encoding(file_path)
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# 2. 检测分隔符
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self.delimiter = self.detect_csv_delimiter(file_path)
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# 3. 读取CSV文件
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logger.info(f"使用编码 '{self.encoding}' 和分隔符 '{self.delimiter}' 读取文件")
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self.df = pd.read_csv(
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file_path,
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delimiter=self.delimiter,
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dtype=str,
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encoding=self.encoding,
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on_bad_lines='warn',
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quoting=csv.QUOTE_MINIMAL,
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engine='python' # 更健壮的引擎
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)
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# 检查是否读取到数据
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if self.df.empty:
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logger.error("CSV文件没有包含有效数据")
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return False
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# 重命名列
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self.df = self.df.rename(columns=self.COLUMN_MAPPING)
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# 移除可能存在的空行
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self.df = self.df.dropna(how='all')
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logger.info(f"成功读取CSV数据，共 {len(self.df)} 条记录")
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return True
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except UnicodeDecodeError:
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# 尝试其他编码
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encodings_to_try = ['GBK', 'latin1', 'ISO-8859-1', 'utf-16']
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for enc in encodings_to_try:
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try:
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logger.warning(f"尝试使用 {enc} 编码读取文件")
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self.df = pd.read_csv(
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file_path,
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delimiter=self.delimiter,
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dtype=str,
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encoding=enc
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)
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self.encoding = enc
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logger.info(f"成功使用 {enc} 编码读取文件")
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return True
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except:
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continue
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logger.error("所有编码尝试均失败")
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return False
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except PermissionError:
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logger.error(f"文件被占用，请关闭后重试: {file_path}")
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return False
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"读取CSV文件失败: {e}")
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return False
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def clean_stock_data(self) -> bool:
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"""清洗股票数据"""
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try:
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# 处理B股代码：将'-'转换为None
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self.df['b_stock_code'] = self.df['b_stock_code'].replace('-', None)
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# 格式化上市日期
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self.df['listing_date'] = pd.to_datetime(
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self.df['listing_date'],
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format='%Y%m%d',
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errors='coerce'
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).dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d')
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# 检查日期转换是否成功
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date_na_count = self.df['listing_date'].isna().sum()
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if date_na_count > 0:
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logger.warning(f"发现 {date_na_count} 条记录的上市日期格式不正确")
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# 提取交易所信息
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self.df['exchange'] = self.df['a_stock_code'].apply(
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lambda x: 'SH' if str(x).startswith('60') else 'SZ' if str(x).startswith(('00', '30')) else 'OTHER'
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)
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# 验证A股代码格式
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invalid_codes = self.df[~self.df['a_stock_code'].astype(str).str.match(r'^\d{6}$')]
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if not invalid_codes.empty:
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logger.warning(f"发现 {len(invalid_codes)} 条无效的A股代码")
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logger.debug(f"无效代码示例: {invalid_codes['a_stock_code'].head().tolist()}")
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logger.info("数据清洗完成")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"数据清洗失败: {e}")
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return False
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def create_stocks_table(self, db: MySQLHelper) -> bool:
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"""创建股票信息表"""
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create_table_sql = """
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CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS stocks_sh (
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a_stock_code VARCHAR(6) PRIMARY KEY COMMENT 'A股代码',
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b_stock_code VARCHAR(6) COMMENT 'B股代码',
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short_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '证券简称',
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extended_name VARCHAR(100) COMMENT '扩位证券简称',
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eng_name VARCHAR(150) COMMENT '公司英文全称',
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listing_date DATE NOT NULL COMMENT '上市日期',
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exchange VARCHAR(2) NOT NULL COMMENT '交易所',
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间'
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) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='沪深股票信息表';
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"""
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try:
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db.execute_update(create_table_sql)
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logger.info("股票信息表创建成功")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"创建表失败: {e}")
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return False
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def insert_data_to_db(self, db: MySQLHelper) -> bool:
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"""将数据插入数据库"""
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if self.df is None or self.df.empty:
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logger.error("没有有效数据可插入")
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return False
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# 准备SQL语句（支持重复记录更新）
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insert_sql = """
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INSERT INTO stocks_sh (
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a_stock_code, b_stock_code, short_name,
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extended_name, eng_name, listing_date, exchange
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) VALUES (
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%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s
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)
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ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE
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b_stock_code = VALUES(b_stock_code),
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short_name = VALUES(short_name),
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extended_name = VALUES(extended_name),
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eng_name = VALUES(eng_name),
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listing_date = VALUES(listing_date),
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exchange = VALUES(exchange)
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"""
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# 准备参数列表
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params_list = []
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for _, row in self.df.iterrows():
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# 处理可能的NaN值
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listing_date = row['listing_date'] if pd.notna(row['listing_date']) else '1970-01-01'
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params_list.append((
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row['a_stock_code'],
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row['b_stock_code'] if pd.notna(row['b_stock_code']) else None,
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row['short_name'],
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row['extended_name'] if pd.notna(row['extended_name']) else None,
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row['eng_name'] if pd.notna(row['eng_name']) else None,
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listing_date,
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row['exchange']
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))
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# 批量执行插入
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try:
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total_rows = len(params_list)
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if total_rows == 0:
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logger.error("没有有效数据可插入")
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return False
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batch_size = 1000 # 每批插入1000条记录
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logger.info(f"开始插入数据，共 {total_rows} 条记录")
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# 分批插入，避免大事务问题
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for i in range(0, total_rows, batch_size):
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batch_params = params_list[i:i+batch_size]
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affected_rows = db.execute_many(insert_sql, batch_params)
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logger.info(f"已处理 {min(i+batch_size, total_rows)}/{total_rows} 条记录")
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logger.info(f"成功插入/更新 {total_rows} 条记录")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"插入数据失败: {e}")
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# 记录前5个参数以帮助调试
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if params_list:
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logger.debug(f"前5个参数示例: {params_list[:5]}")
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return False
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def verify_data_in_db(self, db: MySQLHelper, sample_size: int = 5) -> bool:
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"""验证数据库中的数据"""
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try:
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# 检查记录总数
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count_sql = "SELECT COUNT(*) AS total FROM stocks_sh"
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result = db.execute_query(count_sql)
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db_count = result[0]['total'] if result else 0
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logger.info(f"数据库中共有 {db_count} 条记录")
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# 随机抽样检查
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sample_sql = f"""
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SELECT a_stock_code, short_name, listing_date
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FROM stocks_sh
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ORDER BY RAND()
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LIMIT {sample_size}
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"""
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samples = db.execute_query(sample_sql)
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logger.info("\n随机抽样记录:")
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for idx, sample in enumerate(samples, 1):
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logger.info(f"{idx}. {sample['a_stock_code']}: {sample['short_name']} ({sample['listing_date']})")
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return True
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"数据验证失败: {e}")
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return False
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def run_import(self) -> bool:
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"""执行完整的导入流程"""
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logger.info(f"开始导入股票数据，数据目录: {self.data_dir}")
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start_time = datetime.now()
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# 1. 查找CSV文件
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csv_file = self.find_csv_file()
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if not csv_file:
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return False
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# 2. 验证文件
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if not self.validate_file(csv_file):
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return False
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# 3. 读取CSV数据
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if not self.read_csv_data(csv_file):
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return False
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# 4. 清洗数据
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if not self.clean_stock_data():
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return False
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# 显示前5条数据
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logger.info("\n前5条股票数据:")
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for i, row in self.df.head().iterrows():
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logger.info(f"{row['a_stock_code']}: {row['short_name']} ({row['listing_date']})")
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# 5. 连接数据库并导入
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try:
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with MySQLHelper(**self.db_config) as db:
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# 5.1 创建表
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if not self.create_stocks_table(db):
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return False
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# 5.2 插入数据
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if not self.insert_data_to_db(db):
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return False
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# 5.3 验证数据
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if not self.verify_data_in_db(db):
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return False
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"数据库操作异常: {e}")
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return False
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# 计算执行时间
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duration = datetime.now() - start_time
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logger.info(f"数据处理成功完成! 总耗时: {duration.total_seconds():.2f}秒")
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return True
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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# 数据库配置
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db_config = {
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'host': 'localhost',
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'user': 'root',
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'password': 'bzskmysql',
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'database': 'fullmarketdata_a'
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}
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# 获取当前脚本所在目录
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current_dir = Path(__file__).parent if "__file__" in locals() else Path.cwd()
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# 设置数据目录
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DATA_DIR = current_dir / "data"
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# 确保data目录存在
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DATA_DIR.mkdir(exist_ok=True, parents=True)
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# 安装依赖 (如果chardet未安装)
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try:
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import chardet
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except ImportError:
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logger.info("安装chardet库以支持编码检测...")
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import subprocess
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subprocess.check_call([sys.executable, "-m", "pip", "install", "chardet"])
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import chardet
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# 创建导入器并执行导入
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importer = StockDataImporter(DATA_DIR, db_config)
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if importer.run_import():
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logger.info("股票数据导入成功!")
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else:
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logger.error("股票数据导入失败，请检查日志了解详情") |